Summary 📝

• ROM (Read‑Only Memory) holds permanent data such as the computer’s start‑up instructions and control software. It cannot be changed during normal use. 

• ROM boots the computer and ensures it starts properly (bootstrap). 

• RAM (Random Access Memory) stores programs and data currently in use. It is temporary and all information is lost when the computer switches off. 

• RAM allows the CPU to access data quickly while programs are running. 

• RAM is fast and large but volatile; ROM is small, slower and non‑volatile.

• Together, they support the computer’s start‑up and everyday operation.