Summary

Computers cannot understand human language; they only work with machine code (binary). Programmers write instructions in high-level or low-level languages. Translators are needed to convert these instructions into machine code. 

Assemblers are used for assembly language, converting each instruction into its binary equivalent. Compilers translate the entire high-level program into machine code at once, creating an executable file. Interpreters, on the other hand, translate and run each instruction line by line, which can make them slower but useful for testing and debugging. 

Each translator has advantages and disadvantages depending on how the program is being developed or used. Understanding these tools helps programmers choose the right one for writing, testing and running software efficiently. 

Key learning Points:

• Computers understand machine code, not programming languages.

• A translator converts programming code into machine code.

• Assembler: Translates assembly language into machine code.

• Compiler: Converts the entire high-level program into machine code before running.

• Interpreter: Translates and executes code line by line.

• Compilers create executable files and run faster once compile

• Interpreters are slower but easier for testing and debugging.

• Choice of translator depends on the task and language used.