1.3 Computer Networks, Connections and Protocols

Overview

Computer Networks: Computer networks are systems that allow computers to communicate and share resources with each other. They enable information exchange and access to data over short or long distances. Local Area Networks (LANs) connect devices within a limited area, like a school. Wide Area Networks (WANs) connect computers over larger distances, such as the internet.

Connections: In a network, devices connect through physical or wireless means. Ethernet cables are common in wired connections, while Wi-Fi enables wireless connections. Bluetooth is used for short-range connections, like between a smartphone and a wireless headset.

Protocols: Protocols are a set of rules that govern how data is transmitted and received in a network. They ensure seamless communication between devices. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is used for web browsing. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) sends emails. TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is fundamental for internet communication.

When you browse the web, your computer (device) connects to the internet through your Wi-Fi (connection). It sends requests to web servers using HTTP (protocol) to fetch web pages and resources, which are then displayed on your browser.